Virtualisasi saat ini merupakan salah satu alternatif dalam rangka mewujudkan Teknologi Ramah Lingkungan / Green Technology, sumber daya perangkat yang digunakan bisa diminimalisir namun dapat menghasilkan Cluster System baru yang bisa dikustomize dengan kualitas tangguh. Proses maintenance dapat dengan mudah dilakukan meskipun berhadapan dengan banyak aplikasi produksi. Beberapa aplikasi tersohor mengusung teknologi Virtualiasi ini misalnya VMWare, VirtualBOX, Citrix, Hyper-V, Dll, kesemuanya memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing. Bagi anda penggemar Dunia Open Source patut bersenang hati karena VirtualBox hadir dengan layanan Free/Gratis namun fasilitas yang Oke punya. Bagi yang penasaran dan ingin mencoba VirtualBox bisa ikuti panduan dibawah, saya paste dari alamat berikut http://www.kernelhardware.org/virtualbox-headless-vm
First Install VirtualBox from this post:
“Install VirtualBox without GUI or Headless”
VBoxManage for controlling VirtualBox on the Command Line
The main tool for controlling VirtualBox is called VBoxManage. The VirtualBox manual has 27 pages describing all the available paramaters for using VirtualBox. TheVirtualBox manual is a great resource to accompany this tutorial.
For this tutorial we will use Centos 5 as our guest OS to be installed.
Step 1 – Upload OS ISO
Upload Centos OS DVD / CD ISO file to server
Step 2 – Create new VM
First log in to the system with the user you want to use for your VM’s or create a new user for managing the VM’s. VirtualBox allows each user on the system to have and control there own VM’s. The VM information is stored in /home/<username>/.VirtualBox ( The directory is created after you create your fist VM )
Create a new user (optional)
# useradd vmadmin
# passwd vmadmin
Login in as the new user vmadmin
Create the new VirtualBox guest VM
First we need to get the ID value for the type of OS that we are installing. Pick the ID value that corresponds to the type of OS you are going to install for the guest VM:
vmadmin$ VBoxManage list ostypes
Since I am going to install Centos 5 I would choose “RedHat”
–name – Name you want for your new VM guest
– ostype – Type of OS you are installing
–register – Register the new VM with VirtualBox (important)
vmadmin$ VBoxManage createvm --name "<guestvmname>" --ostype RedHat --register
Create a Harddrive for the new VirtualBox guest VM to use
Now we need to create a VirtualBox VM Harddrive to go along with our VirtualBox VM machine:
– filename – File name you want for you new VM Harddrive
– size – The size of your new VirtualBox VM Harddrive in MB (n)
–register – Register the new VM Harddrive with VirtualBox (important)
vmadmin$ VBoxManage createhd --filename "<harddrivename.vdi>" --size n -- register
Modify the guest VM to use the VM Harddrive
–hda – Harddrive device
<guestvmname> – The name of guest vm you want to modify
<harddrivename.vdi> – The vm harddrive you want to add to this guest vm
vmadmin$ VBoxManage modifyvm "<guestvmname>" --hda "<harddrivename.vdi>"
Register our OS ISO with VirtualBox
–dvd (used for CD iso and DVD iso)
<filelocation and file name> – Full path to ISO file. (/home/vmadmin/Download/Centos5.iso)
vmadmin$ VBoxManage openmedium dvd <filelocation and file name>
Attach the ISO file to the VM
–dvd (used for CD iso and DVD iso)
<filelocation and file name> – Full path to ISO file. (/home/vmadmin/Download/Centos5.iso)
vmadmin$ VBoxManage modifyvm "<guestvmname>" --dvd <filelocation and file name>
Step 3 – Configure VRDP for VM
We need a way to view our guest VM. VirtualBox provides an RDP server that allows you to interact with each VM and mimic the functionally of a monitor.keyboard, and mouse that would normally be plugged in to a real server.
Enable VRDP on the guest VM
–vrdp – Turn vrdp function off and on
–vrdpport – Specify a port to use for the RDP connection (n)
–vrdpauthtype – Specify the type of authentication for connecting RDP users.
null – no authentication (insecure)
external – Use PAM (login with linux users on the system)
vmadmin$ VBoxManage modifyvm "<guestvmname>" --vrdp on --vrdpport n --vrdpauthtype null --vrdpmulticon on
Open the –vrdpport n port on your firewall
Step 4 – Start the VirtualBox VM
When using the command VBoxHeadless the VM will start in the current console and if you logout or close that console your VM will terminate. Therefore we use the linux commands nohup and & to place the process in the background.
vmadmin$ nohup VBoxHeadless --startvm <guestvmname>
Step 5 – Connect to your VM
Use an RDP client to connect to your VM. Enter the servers IP and your port number that you set with –vrdpport
Step 6 – Remove DVD / CD from VM
After you have installed your OS on the VM from the DVD / CD you will want to remove it from the list of devices, so that your VM doesnt always boot into the DVD / CD on startup.
vmadmin$ VBoxManage modifyvm "<guestvmname>" --dvd none
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